What internal conflict does Buck face throughout the novel?

Buck’s primary internal conflict throughout "The Call of the Wild" revolves around his desire to remain with humans versus his natural instincts as a dog. Initially, Buck is accustomed to a comfortable life in California, where he is cared for by humans. However, as he is thrust into the harsh realities of the wilderness and the brutal life of a sled dog in the Yukon, he begins to feel the pull of his ancestral instincts. This tug-of-war between his loyalty to humans, particularly John Thornton, and his innate instincts to survive and thrive in the wild creates a profound transformation in Buck. As the story progresses, he increasingly answers the call of the wild, embracing his primal instincts and ultimately choosing a wild existence over the comforts of human companionship. This internal struggle is central to his character development and reflects the overarching theme of the novel, which navigates the conflict between civilization and the untamed wilderness.